No gui chimera1/27/2023 Here, we present atomistic molecular dynamics studies of the closed-state, non-conducting C1C2 structure and protonation states. Surprisingly few studies have focused in detail on the chimera. Instead, a crystal structure of the ChR chimera (C1C2), an engineered combination of helices I–V from ChR1, without its C-terminus, and helices VI–VII from ChR2, is used as a template for ChR2 structure prediction. Despite common use of ChR2 in optogenetics for selective control and monitoring of individual neurons in living tissue, the protein structures remain unresolved. Channelrhodopsins (ChR1 and ChR2) are light-activated ion channels that enable photomobility of microalgae from the genus Chlamydomonas.
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